Connect with us

HOME IMPROVEMENT

The History Behind UC Berkeley’s Architecture

Published

on

UC Berkeley's Architecture

When I was in high school, I decided I wanted to attend a college with breathtaking architecture — not necessarily a well-known college, or a good college, but one with jaw-dropping buildings and awe-inspiring libraries. Growing up in the suburbs, where the landscape is flat and lifeless and the buildings look identical, I craved architecture that was diverse in style and rich in history. This dream was realized when I was accepted to Berkeley. The first time I visited campus, I fell in love with its buildings right away.

The history behind UC Berkeley’s architecture is more intriguing and complex than most people realize. Opened in 1855, UC Berkeley was originally just a two-acre campus in Oakland, then called the College of California. At the time, what we know today as the city of Berkeley was nothing more than wilderness, punctuated by the occasional piece of farmland, just a few miles north of Oakland. But in 1868, the state of California bought a small plot of land in Berkeley and officially chartered the University of California. Frederick Law Olmsted, who is famous for designing New York’s Central Park, was hired to design the new campus in Berkeley. This campus looked nothing like the campus we know today — it had a grand total of 40 students, 10 professors, and two buildings: North Hall, which has since been demolished, and South Hall, which is still standing today. South Hall’s architectural style is distinct from most other buildings on campus: its brick facade, ornamental moldings, and strikingly shaped windows are evidence of the Second Empire architectural style, which flourished in the latter half of the nineteenth century and was notable for its opulence and Gothic influence.

As UC Berkeley grew larger throughout the late 1800s, so did its need for more buildings. What we now know as some of the most iconic buildings on campus were actually the result of an architectural competition financed by philanthropist Phoebe Hearst in 1898. The International Competition for the Phoebe Hearst International Plan for the University of California, as it was called, was borne out of the rivalry between the prominent Stanford and Hearst families — two extremely wealthy and distinctly old money families from Northern California. Soon after the Stanford family founded Stanford University, the Hearst family adopted the University of California and committed to funding it. When the competition’s winner Émile Bénard declined to be appointed as the campus’ architect, fourth-place winner John Galen Howard was tasked with implementing Bénard’s plan for the campus’ design.

Howard was responsible for the distinct classical style of numerous campus buildings and landmarks, from the elaborate patterns of Sather Gate to the striking Grecian columns of Wheeler Hall. Howard utilized the Beaux-Arts classical style, which was taught at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris where he was educated in the early 1890s. This architectural style is notable for its emphasis on neoclassical, Gothic, and Renaissance designs. One of Howard’s most impressive buildings is Doe Library, one of the defining landmarks of Berkeley’s campus. The library was imagined as both the physical and intellectual center of campus and has strong Greco-Roman influences, seen in its twelve imposing columns and marbled interior. The reading rooms inside Doe, with their intricately carved ceilings, ornate wood paneling, and towering windows, offer the feel of a traditional European university.

Howard also designed what is arguably Berkeley’s most famous landmark, Sather Tower. Often referred to as “the Campanile,” due to its resemblance to the Campanile di San Marco in Italy, Sather Tower is the third-tallest clock tower in the world and, notably, houses numerous fossils from prehistoric times due to its cool and dry interior. Sather Tower is also notable for its location — on a clear day, one can stand on the steps in front of the tower and look straight across the Bay at the Golden Gate Bridge. Ultimately, Howard designed 18 buildings on campus, including Wheeler Hall, California Hall, Stephens Hall, and the Greek Theater, and established the university’s iconic look.

As he designed Berkeley’s campus, Howard was assisted by architect Julia Morgan, who attended Berkeley from 1890 to 1894. Because there was no architecture major at the time, Morgan studied civil engineering and was often the only woman in her classes. She was also the first woman to ever be admitted to the École des Beaux-Arts. Morgan was a renowned architect in her own right, designing over 700 iconic buildings in California including the Berkeley City Club and the lavish Hearst Castle in San Simeon. At Berkeley, Morgan was instrumental in helping Howard implement the Beaux-Arts style on campus. Some buildings heavily influenced by Morgan’s direction include the Hearst Gymnasium for Women, the Hearst Memorial Mining Building, and Morgan Hall at the UC Botanical Garden. The Hearst Gymnasium for Women is noteworthy for its concrete exterior and emphasis on Romantic Classicism, while the Mining Building best illustrates Morgan and Howard’s commitment to combining the esteemed classical Beaux-Arts tradition with contemporary regional influence, in that it is reminiscent of both a stately European building as well as a traditional California mission. Although Morgan’s work was essential to shaping Berkeley’s campus, her contribution is often overlooked due to the fact that she was a woman. Howard once told a colleague that Morgan was “an excellent craftsman whom I have to pay almost nothing, as it is a woman.”

One of the most interesting aspects of Berkeley’s campus is the way that it is designed completely around the natural environment. Howard was fascinated with the wildlife and nature of Berkeley, and kept this in mind when designing the campus. He painstakingly tried to preserve Strawberry Creek, the Eucalyptus Grove, and several natural glades, building around these features and incorporating them into the campus rather than destroying them. Howard especially valued landscape architecture, and felt preserving the natural environment was just as important as maintaining the built environment. The unparalleled diversity of trees, plants, and flowers on campus made the university feel peaceful and idyllic, even though it was situated in the middle of a rapidly urbanizing city. Natural landmarks on campus include the oddly shaped London Plane trees on the north side of Sather Tower in the Campanile Esplanade, the redwood trees located to the west of McCone Hall, and the tall and twisted California Buckeye Tree, located on Faculty Glade, which is the oldest native tree on campus and represents Berkeley’s natural landscape before the founding of the University.

Howard was ultimately dismissed as Berkeley’s supervising architect by the UC Board of Regents in 1924, due to his strong opinions and frequent clashes with the university administration. His successor Arthur Brown Jr. graduated from Berkeley in 1896, and is best known for designing City Hall and the War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, as well as Hoover Tower at Stanford University. Brown attempted to recreate Howard’s elaborate and classical style, but faced financial constraints due to the economic conditions at the time. This was during the Great Depression and World War II, and university funds were tight, although there was also a pressing need for new buildings to accommodate the growing student body. Buildings designed by Brown, such as Sproul Hall and the Bancroft Library, echo the Beaux-Arts style but are much more minimalist in design. Additionally, the Valley Life Sciences Building, colloquially called VLSB, was designed in 1930 by George W. Kelham, yet another graduate of the École des Beaux-Arts. VLSB is notable for its sheer size of over 400,000 square feet. It was the largest concrete building west of the Mississippi at the time it was built, and is still the largest building on campus. At one point, VLSB required so much power that it temporarily broke the university’s power generator.

During the 1960s, an exponential increase in students led to a desperate need for the expansion of both educational buildings as well as student housing. By this time, the architectural style of Brutalism was popular. Brutalist buildings are characterized by their monolithic and geometric appearance, as well as their massive size and use of concrete. The Brutalist buildings on campus — like Evans Hall, Wurster Hall, and Barrows Hall — are often derided as “ugly” or “plain,” primarily because they are strikingly different from the elaborate and classical Beaux-Arts buildings on campus. The 1960s also saw the construction of the Student Union building on Sproul Plaza, which was a timely addition considering the proliferation of the student-led Free Speech Movement. During the Free Speech Movement, protestors often gathered in front of the imposing and unyielding Sproul Hall, a representation of the unsympathetic indifference of the university administration to the passion and anger that emanated throughout campus.

In recent years, campus expansion has slowed, with the campus focusing on repairing older buildings, though some new buildings have still been erected. These new buildings are notable for their sleek, modern, and minimalistic design, with an emphasis on using natural materials. Stanley Hall, which was built in 2007, is notable for its large size and white and green tiles. Berkeley’s newest library, the C. V. Starr East Asian Library, has a similarly modern style, as well as distinctly East Asian influences. It is made of granite and clay tile, and is reminiscent of traditional Asian architecture through its use of the cracked ice motif on the screens outside the library. The Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, the newest building on campus, uses wood, bamboo, and lots of natural light.

Currently, Berkeley is working on retrofitting and remodeling certain campus buildings, some of which are hundreds of years old, to make them more structurally sound and earthquake-safe. In 2019, Tolman Hall, which had a seismic rating of “deficient,” was demolished. Seismic safety corrections are also being made to Giannini Hall, which was built in 1930. But there are new buildings and facilities being constructed, like the Bakar BioEnginuity Hub at Woo Hon Fai Hall. There are many new construction projects in the planning and development phase, including a new beach volleyball facility at Clark Kerr, an expansion of the Goldman School of Public Policy, and new student housing in People’s Park.

While many Berkeley students see our campus’ architectural history as interesting but unimportant, architecture and physical space have a profound impact on our everyday lives. Architecture is more than just the built environment; it greatly affects and is affected by our culture, emotions, and worldview. I am writing this article not in one of Berkeley’s many libraries, as I had planned to, but back home at my parents’ house in the suburbs, due to the pandemic that has forced so many of us to leave Berkeley and return to our hometowns. There is nothing I want more right now than to watch a sunset from the fifth floor balcony of McCone, to look up and be able to see the Campanile no matter where I am on campus, or even to get lost in the never ending hallways of Dwinelle. While these times are incredibly uncertain, to me, it is a reassuring thought that architecture and physical space are one of the few things that will be there no matter what. It is comforting to know that the buildings on my campus, the places where I spend so much time and that have undoubtedly impacted me in ways that I am still trying to understand, are unfazed by the fear and doubt that has disrupted so many of the world’s institutions — and they will remain when it is all over.

Continue Reading

HOME IMPROVEMENT

The Smart Violinist’s Guide: 7 Essential Tips for Buying Violin Accessories Without Breaking the Bank

Published

on

Violinist

Whether you’re a parent supporting your child’s musical journey or an adult picking up the violin for the first time, navigating the world of violin accessories can feel overwhelming. With countless options at every price point, how do you know what’s worth your investment and what’s just clever marketing?

After years of helping musicians find the right gear, I’ve learned that smart accessory shopping is less about spending the most money and more about understanding what truly matters for your playing level and goals. Here’s your practical guide to making informed decisions that will enhance your musical experience without emptying your wallet.

1. Start with the Essentials: Your Foundation Quartet

Before getting dazzled by premium options, focus on these four must-haves that every violinist needs from day one:

  •       A Quality Bow – This is where you should invest early. A good bow can make even a student violin sound significantly better, while a poor bow will frustrate even advanced players. Look for straight, properly weighted bows with genuine horsehair. Expect to spend 20-30% of your violin’s value on a decent bow.
  •       Reliable Rosin – Don’t overthink this one initially. A basic, well-reviewed rosin like Pirastro or Hill will serve you perfectly well for years. Avoid the temptation to buy expensive “professional” rosin until you can actually hear the difference.
  •       A Protective Case – Your violin needs a home that travels. A sturdy case with proper padding is non-negotiable if you’ll be transporting your instrument regularly. Hard cases offer the best protection, while lightweight alternatives work for careful handling. We recommend Great Violin Cases for a protective case.
  •       Spare Strings – Strings break at the worst possible moments. Keep a full set of your preferred strings on hand. For beginners, steel strings like Thomastik-Infeld Dominants offer durability and consistent tone.

2. Know Your Playing Level—It Changes Everything

The biggest mistake new violinists make is buying accessories designed for their aspirations rather than their current abilities. A $200 professional chin rest won’t help if you’re still working on basic bow hold.

  •       Beginners (0-2 years): Focus on durability and comfort over premium materials. You’re building muscle memory and basic technique, so forgiving, reliable accessories serve you best.
  •       Intermediate players (2-5 years): Now you can start investing in quality upgrades that will genuinely improve your playing experience and help you progress faster.
  •       Advanced players: You’ve earned the right to be picky about tonal qualities and subtle performance differences that justify premium pricing.

3. The Case Against Buying Everything in Sets

Music stores love selling “complete accessory packages,” but these bundles often include items you don’t need while skimping on quality where it matters. Instead of buying a pre-made set, build your collection intentionally:

  •       Buy your bow separately and invest in quality
  •       Skip decorative accessories until you know what you actually prefer
  •       Avoid electronic tuners initially—learn to tune by ear first
  •       Hold off on multiple chin rests and shoulder rests until you understand your comfort needs

4. When to Splurge vs. When to Save

Not all accessories deserve the same budget priority. Here’s how to allocate your money for maximum impact:

Worth the Investment:

  •       Bows (the most important purchase after your violin)
  •       Professional setup and adjustments
  •       Quality strings from reputable manufacturers
  •       A sturdy, well-fitting case

Where You Can Save:

  •       Basic rosin (the expensive stuff rarely justifies the cost for non-professionals)
  •       Simple music stands
  •       Basic metronomes  (though modern violin AI tools can provide more comprehensive practice feedback)
  •       Cleaning cloths and polish

5. Try Before You Buy—Especially for Comfort Items

Chin rests and shoulder rests are deeply personal choices that affect your playing posture and comfort. What works for your teacher or favorite YouTube violinist might be completely wrong for your body shape and playing style.

Most violin shops allow you to try different rests, and many offer exchange policies. Don’t be embarrassed to spend time finding the right fit—your neck and shoulders will thank you during those long practice sessions.

6. Research Reviews, But Trust Your Ears

Online reviews provide valuable insights, especially for durability and quality control issues. However, remember that tone preferences are subjective. A string that sounds brilliant on one violin might sound harsh on another.

When possible, ask to demo accessories on your specific instrument. Many shops will let you try strings or bows before purchasing, especially if you’re a regular customer.

7. Build Your Collection Gradually

Resist the urge to buy everything at once. Your needs and preferences will evolve as you improve, and what seems essential today might gather dust tomorrow.

Start with the absolute basics, then add accessories as you identify specific needs in your playing. This approach ensures you’re buying items you’ll actually use while spreading the cost over time.

The Bottom Line: Quality Over Quantity

The violin world is full of gear that promises to transform your playing overnight. In reality, the accessories that make the biggest difference are often the simplest: a bow that feels balanced in your hand, strings that stay in tune, and a case that protects your investment.

Focus on building a foundation of reliable, well-made accessories that support your current playing level. As you progress, you’ll develop the ear and experience to make informed upgrades that truly enhance your musical journey.

Remember, the goal isn’t to own the most expensive accessories—it’s to find the tools that help you play your best and enjoy the process of learning this beautiful instrument. Start smart, upgrade thoughtfully, and let your ears be your guide.

Continue Reading

HOME IMPROVEMENT

Some Excellent Home Improvement Ideas For Those Who Enjoy The Great Outdoors Here In Australia.

Published

on

caravan shed

There are those of us here in Australia who prefer to stay in hotels and to enjoy the many services that are offered. There are others however and the numbers are growing every year, who want to get out there and discover the beauty of Australia and they do that by investing in such things as a caravan, an RV and if they want to get out there on the ocean, a nice boat. These things cost money but they also need to be stored properly to protect them from the elements and to protect your investment.

This is when a caravan shed becomes an incredibly appropriate purchase because not only can you keep your caravan in there, you can also keep your RV and your boat depending on your needs. Obviously you will need space to erect such a structure but this will end up saving you an incredible amount of time because you don’t have to pay a third-party for storage. Once the shed is installed, the following are some other excellent home improvement ideas that will protect what you have and to allow you to enjoy the great outdoors here in Australia.

Install an alarm system – Boats, RV’s and caravans are what potential thieves are looking for and they can sell them on very easily or use them for parts. If any of these items are sitting in your driveway, this is like a red flag to a bull and an opportunist thief will start taking a lot more interest in your property. This is why it makes perfect sense that you would install a modern alarm system that can monitor the door of the shed as well as everything inside.

Install some extra lighting – This can be beneficial for everything that is in the shed and everything outside around your property as well. Thieves like to operate in dark conditions and if you have additional lighting installed that operates on a switch and a motion sensor, this will light the whole place up like the proverbial Christmas tree if anyone comes onto the property who isn’t invited in the first place.

Attach some GPS tags – These are very affordable things to purchase and you can hide them anywhere on your property but if someone does manage to get past your alarm system and your additional lighting system, the GPS tags will let you know where your property is at any given time. This will help the police to do their job more easily and the hope is that you will recover your property in a very short space of time. You can use an app for your smartphone so that you know if your property has been moved.

Continue Reading

HOME IMPROVEMENT

Why Black Wallpaper Is the Boldest Design Move You Can Make Right Now

Published

on

Black Wallpaper

White walls are safe. Beige is fine. Gray? Overdone. If you want your space to feel elevated, modern, and a little unexpected—go black. That’s right. Black walls. More specifically, black wallpaper. It’s sleek. It’s edgy. It’s surprisingly versatile. And no—it won’t make your room feel like a cave if you do it right.

Let’s break the myth that black equals dark and depressing. Black is drama. Black is confidence. Black is high design.

Why Choose Wallpaper Over Paint?

Paint can’t compete. Not when you’re going for a rich, layered, designer look. Wallpaper adds more.

  • Texture: From velvet finishes to embossed patterns, black wallpaper gives you dimension. Paint is flat. Wallpaper moves. 
  • Patterns: Go floral, geometric, abstract, or marbled. You’re not stuck with just “matte black.” 
  • Mood: Wallpaper reads intentional. It feels curated. Like you meant to do this—not like you gave up and painted it dark. 

Plus, many designs are peel-and-stick, which means no glue, no damage, no fear. You can test the waters without commitment.

Where Black Wallpaper Works Best

You don’t need to cover every wall in your house. A single accent wall can totally transform a room, but black wallpaper works in more places than you’d think.

1. Home Office

Zoom calls just hit differently with a dramatic black backdrop. Pair it with metallic lighting and minimal furniture. Clean. Crisp. Powerful.

Try a print with subtle lines or a faint sheen. It keeps things interesting without getting distracting.

2. Bedroom

Black in the bedroom doesn’t mean gothic. Think luxe. Think hotel suite. Think high-thread-count sheets and layered textures.

Use black wallpaper behind the headboard for instant drama. Pair it with warm lighting, plush bedding, and natural textures like linen or velvet.

3. Living Room

Want to make your space feel like a design magazine? Go black on one wall. Behind the TV, behind a bookshelf, or as a backdrop to your favorite art.

It makes everything else pop—plants, frames, furniture. Black recedes, so it actually helps highlight your favorite pieces.

4. Entryway or Hallway

Make a statement right away. A black wallpapered entry instantly tells your guests: this house has taste.

Try something patterned or textured. Maybe a moody floral or subtle grid. Add a mirror or bold art for contrast.

What Styles Match with Black Wallpaper?

You’re not locked into one aesthetic. Black wallpaper plays well with almost every design style—as long as you use it intentionally.

Modern Minimalist

Go with solid black or tonal prints. Pair with white furniture. Add natural wood or stone for balance. Keep it clean.

Industrial

Black and concrete? Always a win. Add in exposed pipes, raw wood, and metal fixtures. Use wallpaper with texture—like a worn charcoal finish or faux brick.

Vintage or Art Deco

Go for black with gold accents. Look for wallpaper that features patterns—arches, fans, or dramatic florals. Add velvet furniture and brass lighting. Boom: instant glam.

Scandinavian

Yes, you can go dark and still be Scandi. Use black wallpaper with micro-patterns or organic shapes. Pair with pale woods, white floors, and soft lighting.

Eclectic or Maximalist

Don’t hold back. Go for black with bold patterns—like oversized flowers, birds, or abstract designs. Layer in color with furniture and art. Let your walls be loud.

Light + Black = Balance

Worried about it being “too dark”? It won’t be if you balance it out.

  • Use warm lighting—table lamps, sconces, candles. 
  • Add mirrors to bounce light. 
  • Keep ceilings and trim light-colored. 
  • Go with gloss or satin finishes for a soft reflection. 

Black doesn’t suck up all the light. It shapes it. With the right lighting plan, black wallpaper creates a mood, not gloom.

Black Wallpaper in Small Spaces? Yes, Please.

Small room? Even better. Black can actually make small rooms feel larger and more sophisticated.

It blurs the edges. It softens corners. It hides imperfections.

Try it in:

  • Powder rooms 
  • Laundry rooms 
  • Walk-in closets 
  • Pantry walls 
  • Reading nooks 

It feels like a secret—like a hidden designer moment.

Styling Around Black Wallpaper

You don’t need to change your whole space to work with black. But you should think about contrast and texture.

Try this:

  • Light-colored furniture: white, tan, soft gray 
  • Natural elements: wood, stone, linen, rattan 
  • Bold metallics: brass, chrome, copper 
  • Greenery: plants stand out big time against black 
  • Bright art: neon, abstract, colorful photography 

Black is the canvas. Everything else becomes the art.

Mistakes to Avoid

Even bold design has rules. Here’s what not to do:

  • Don’t wallpaper every wall unless you have lots of natural light. Start with one wall. 
  • Don’t mix too many black tones. A matte wall, shiny furniture, and charcoal floors can clash. Keep finishes consistent. 
  • Don’t skip lighting. Even one wall of black needs strategic lighting. You want contrast, not darkness. 
  • Don’t crowd the space. Let the wall breathe. Too much clutter cancels the effect. 

Why Black Feels So Luxurious

There’s a reason luxury hotels and high-end restaurants use black.

It’s clean. Sophisticated. Timeless. It makes you stop and look. It holds space without shouting.

Black wallpaper creates a sense of intimacy and refinement. Even a simple design feels elevated when the backdrop is black.

Still Nervous? Start Small

If full walls feel too intense, try:

  • Lining the back of a bookshelf 
  • Adding wallpaper to a closet wall 
  • Framing a wallpaper sample as art 
  • Doing half-walls with wainscoting below 
  • Covering a sliding door or cabinet 

Get the vibe without the full commitment. You’ll get addicted fast.

Final Word: Go Bold or Stay Boring

Black isn’t just a trend. It’s a power move. It’s timeless, versatile, and—done right—stunning. The key is balance. The right pattern. The right light. The right accents.

So if your home feels too safe, too soft, too same-old, make a shift.

Go bold. Go deep. Go dramatic.

Explore the full collection of black wallpaper and bring some depth to your design.

You don’t need to knock down walls. You just need to cover them—with style.

Continue Reading

Trending